Synopsis

印度是世界上增长最快的国家之一，城市化既是印度的挑战，也是对世界其他地区产生巨大影响的机会。印度城市化未来的一个关键问题是为所有公民提供基本城市服务。这项研究使用社会成本会计（SCA）方法，估计了4个案例研究城市中城市水，卫生，运输和能源服务的市场和非市场成本。这项研究超出了典型研究的服务和直接成本的典型研究问题，并将注意力引起了忽略的社会成本，例如间接成本，健康成本和环境成本。这项研究的亮点之一是，尽管四个城市的覆盖范围很高，但在许多方面，服务的数量和质量是不足的，尤其是在水和运输的情况下，并且具有高度关联的社会成本。

Key Findings

This work makes three key recommendations for India’s urban future:

  • use of social cost accounting to plan services
  • integrated service planning to generate efficiencies across sectors and
  • 利用新模型进行服务提供和企业家计划

Executive Summary

As one of the fastest growing countries, urbanisation has emerged as an opportunity and a challenge for India with huge implications for the rest of the world. One crucial issue in India’s urbanising future is the provisioning of basic urban services for its citizens. Through case studies of four Indian cities, this work examines the current unmanaged growth (business as usual urbanisation) and the costs associated with it.

Using a social cost accounting (SCA) methodology, it estimates the market and non-market costs associated with the delivery of urban water, sanitation, transport and energy services.

The study goes beyond often discussed issues of access to services and the direct costs involved and emphasises attention to often ignored social costs (indirect costs, health costs and environmental costs). Each type of service provision is categorised into public, private and self-provision across the three sectors and explored further.

The study highlights that despite high levels of coverage in the four cities, the quantity and quality of services are inadequate in many respects, especially in the case of water and transport, and have high associated social costs.

This work makes three key recommendations for India’s urban future:

  1. use of social cost accounting to plan services;
  2. integrated service planning to generate efficiencies across sectors and
  3. 利用新模型进行服务提供和企业家计划