This commentary on originally appeared online atDevex

国际社会在2015年有难得的机会面对两个联系的全球挑战：极端贫困和气候变化。必威官网是真的吗

In September, the United Nations is expected to agree on anew agenda aimed at eradicating poverty and advancing sustainable development. In December, climate negotiators will gather in Paris, France, to reach an agreement to accelerate the shift to a low-carbon economy and strengthen resilience to climate change.

Success this year will depend on whether or not we can develop a new model for international cooperation that is universal — including all countries — yet differentiated — recognizing differences between countries.

Twenty years ago, the development and climate communities divided countries into two groups — rich and poor — and specified who needed to do what. Today, such a binary distinction is much less relevant given the rapidly changing economic and political context.

这Solutions We Need

What we need are solutions that involve all countries but that respect the differing levels of responsibility and the capacity of individual countries to respond to these twin challenges.

这U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change, established in 1992, led to theKyoto Protocol以及遏制温室气体排放的发达国家之间具有约束力的目标。该协议反映了其时间的思想：它将世界分为需要削减碳污染的发达国家，并开发了没有的碳污染。从那以后，经济发展和排放概况发生了巨大变化，只有从发达国家削减的协议最终将无法防止灾难性变暖。

这个故事对于减少贫困的努力也相似。这Millennium Development Goals成立于2001年，想象着一个世界，发展中国家可以改善其最贫穷的公民的生活，而发达国家提供援助和其他支持。虽然收入贫困（每天1.25美元或以下的人数）已大大减少，并在提供基础教育和卫生服务方面取得了令人印象深刻的收益，但现在人们认识到，消除极端贫困的人需要不仅需要援助和良好的国内贫困。政策。它还将需要各个国家以及经济，社会和环境领域的更广泛的行动。

在这个新世界，我们需要什么建筑？我们如何确保各国总共做出的承诺足以应对这两个挑战并足够公平，以确保全球参与？

我们开始看到这种国际合作的新模式的轮廓。

From Top-Down to Bottom-Up

下一项国际气候协议将从自上而下的法律约束力制度必威官网是真的吗转变，该系统指定每个发达国家必须减少温室气体排放的数量，转换为所有国家（发展和发展）的自下而上的方法。

这些自愿承诺是否会集体使我们朝着正确的方向朝着或低于2度C（3.6度F）的变暖以高于工业前的水平以上是一个关键问题。一个同样重要的问题是，鉴于国家之间解决该问题的贡献和能力差异很大，承诺是否被认为是公平的。

Last November’s世界上最大的历史发射极，美国和目前最大的一项，中国之间的协议传达有关共同努力的重要性，同时尊重差异的重要性。

这proposed sustainable development goals reflect a similarly important shift. Unlike the MDGs, these goals and their associated targets will be universal in scope. Poverty is not confined to the developing world. Developed countries are expected to adopt the agenda and take actions to eradicate poverty and achieve sustainable development within their own borders, as well as ensuring that relevant policies such as those on trade, investment or migration support developing countries in tackling poverty. Finally, all countries will be expected to tackle global challenges, such as climate change, that threaten to exacerbate poverty if left unaddressed.

2015年将不会回答与这些双胞胎挑战有关的所有问题，但它将在未来十年内为国际合作提供框架。新兴架构将要求所有国家一起工作。如果设计良好，它可以为真正的转型奠定基础，从而使数亿仍在努力逃避贫困的人以及面临气候变化越来越多的威胁的人受益。必威官网是真的吗赌注很高。我们有一个曾经的机会来解决这个问题。